An athlete might be taking a protein powder or pre-workout that they believe is safe, but if it's manufactured in a facility that also handles unapproved peptides, cross-contamination can easily occur
The honest caveat: most of this evidence is from cell and animal studies
While pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is typically considered helpful in reducing vomiting and nausea, the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) mentions that cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) also significantly reduced vomiting episodes in pregnant women compared with placebo, indicating its role in nausea and vomiting management
TGF-b1, transforming growth factor beta 1
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Moreover, a US national study of 2,806 older women (50 years) found increased plasma concentration of methylmalonic acid the metabolic indicator of vitamin B 12 deficiency to be associated with increased risk of lumbar spine osteoporosis (115)