Since GAD is a cytosolic enzyme ( Figure 3 Metabolic pathways for degradation of glutamate and GABA While the primary event responsible for inactivation of the neurotransmitter action of glutamate and GABA is related to the high-affinity transporters for these amino acids, the subsequent intracellular metabolic pathways for degradation of glutamate and GABA are of functional significance [Ref
Bauer PV, Duca FA, Waise TMZ et al (2018) Metformin alters upper small intestinal microbiota that impact a glucoseSGLT1-sensing glucoregulatory pathway
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However, it can occasionally be chronic
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