Product Specifications Laboratory Handling Store lyophilised vials at -20C in a light-protected environment
Exposure to heat, moisture, or repeated handling can alter molecular structure and reduce stability
The caffeine blockade of A2A receptors reduces the activation of cAMP-PKA pathways, resulting in increased glutamate release, the activation of mGlu5 metabotropic receptors, and endocannabinoid release
The strongest human evidence is topical, including the Leyden 2002 photoaging trial and a 2023 IRB-approved 21-woman topical NEEL gel study reporting an average 28% increase in skin collagen density at 3 months
10.1172/jci155724 101 LiuY.WanY.JiangY.ZhangL.ChengW
Aigner E, Felder TK, Oberkofler H, Hahne P, Auer S, Soyal S, et al