Additionally, systemic administration of VIP can lead to cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects, such as a significant decrease in blood pressure (7)
Elevated levels of GSH inhibit prostaglandin production by a direct interaction with COX enzymes, of potential significance in the progression of inflammatory or degenerative states [36]
The development of corticosteroid analogs with fewer side effects could provide a more targeted approach to managing neuroinflammation (Kalra et al., 2022)
With its ease of use, intranasal glutathione could be the best option
Similarly, hepatic oxidative stress accelerates lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hepatocyte apoptosis, exacerbating MASLD and cirrhosis which are key components of CRHM syndrome
Additionally, GLP-1RAs or dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists have been combined with other nutrient-based hormone (e.g., glucagon and amylin) receptor agonists (7782), a detailed discussion of which is beyond the scope of this review