10.1016/j.redox.2012.10.001 Redox
In addition, extracellular lactate stabilizes HIF-2, and HIF-2 then transactivates MYC, increasing the levels of glutamine transporters and GLS1, in turn resulting in increased glutamine catabolism 72
48, 49 However, claudin-2 also serves other diverse functions including paracellular passage of cations (including sodium and calcium), cell proliferation and autophagy, and loss of claudin-2 along with claudin-15, yet another TJ protein implicated in paracellular Na + passage, results in premature death because of malnourishment in mice
Choi E, et al
The effects of growth hormone and/or testosterone on whole body protein kinetics and skeletal muscle gene expression in healthy elderly men: a randomized controlled trial
Where the Science Still Has Gaps Several questions remain unresolved: optimal dosing for therapeutic applications long-term systemic safety standardized clinical protocols large randomized human trials These gaps highlight the difference between promising experimental science and established clinical practice
