Copper has a complex role in oxidative biology participating in both prooxidant chemistry (where free or weakly bound copper can catalyze damaging reactive-oxygen-species generation) and antioxidant chemistry (as the cofactor of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase)
There have been postmarketing reports of acute renal failure (unspecified) and worsening of chronic renal failure, which sometimes has required hemodialysis in patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists
which all contribute to our load of oxidative stress load
You'll often see this ingredient paired with other ceramides (like ceramide NP), cholesterol, or fatty acids because this combination best mimics the natural lipid mix your skin already has
If you have ever reacted to copper jewellery, copper cookware, or supplements containing copper, the topical ingredient is likely to cause the same response
Phase 2 dose-finding data The phase 2 trial tested cagrilintide at 0.3 mg, 0.6 mg, 1.2 mg, 2.4 mg, and 4.5 mg weekly
