Tripeptide-29, for example, is considered a collagen peptide and may promote the synthesis of healthy collagen while preventing the production of denatured collagen (collagen with proteins that have lost their structural integrity).44 The other ingredient, plant glycogen, or phytoglycogen, may promote the production of ceramides, which can support overall skin health (e.g., maintain hydration, reduce inflammation, etc.)43 45 Concerning the product as a whole and similar to our pick from The Ordinary NIOD lists the pH of CAIS3 on its product page: 5.7-6.7, the entire range of which is mildly acidic
It protects the skin with its ultra-high SPF 50 PA++ protection
H.WangC
Activation primarily occurs through two convergent pathways initiated by stimuli such as monosodium urate crystals and extracellular ATP (49)
Endocrine Reviews , 21(5), 500528
Summary paraphrased from the peer-reviewed preclinical literature