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J Neurosci 37(1):152163

B12 injections have no risk for overdose because excess vitamin B12 is just excreted in the urine

For instance, if you're administering 1ml injections twice weekly, a 10ml vial will suffice for 5 weeks, while a 30ml vial will last you 15 weeks

Some protocols use twice-daily administration during the initial loading phase (days 17) to maintain more consistent receptor activation, then transition to once-daily maintenance dosing

It is believed that imbalanced gut microflora may contribute to CKD progression, but CKD also appears to disrupt the intestinal environment and affect microbiome composition