sublingual b12 vs injection Table 2 from vitamin compared to intramuscular in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin: a randomised trial Vitamin B12 Injections - Vie

Summary: There is no best time to take vitamin B12 specifically for weight loss, as B12 supplementation does not directly cause weight loss in individuals with adequate B12 levels

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The Role of Vitamin B12 in Viral Infections: A Comprehensive Review of Its Relationship with the MuscleGutBrain Axis and Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Nutrition Reviews, 13 Nov

A staggering 90% of vegetarians and vegans worldwide are estimated to have low B12 levels

Any condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, such as autoimmune gastritis (which can lead to pernicious anaemia), celiac disease, Crohns disease, or surgical procedures like gastric bypass surgery, gastrectomy or terminal ileal resection, can impair the absorption of B12, and increases the chance of developing vitamin B12 deficiency

"Trends in blood folate and vitamin B-12 concentrations in the United States, 1988 2004"