The search included articles published between 2010 and 2025, using keywords: Parkinsons disease, -synuclein, dopaminergic degeneration, ferroptosis, deep brain stimulation, stem cell therapy, and AI in PD diagnosis. Results: The review highlights a multifactorial etiology involving -synuclein pathology, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, genetic mutations (SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35), environmental toxins, and gut dysbiosis
AW: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing review and editing, Software
Myeloperoxidase, hydrogen peroxide, chloride antimicrobial system: effect of exogenous system on antibacterial action against Escherichia coli
Frozen storage makes sense for long-term inventory but introduces freeze-thaw concerns for reconstituted materials
Acta Genet
Avoid direct skin contact, inhalation, or accidental mucosal exposure during laboratory handling