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Groups at higher risk of deficiency include older adults (due to reduced stomach acid production), vegans and vegetarians, people with pernicious anaemia or gastrointestinal disorders affecting absorption, and those taking certain medications such as metformin or proton pump inhibitors
They found that it wasnt possible to determine a clear lower limit for which any of these biomarkers can reliably indicate B12 deficiency, but that daily intakes above 4.0 g appear to have no additional benefit
More often than not, we found ingredients to be underdosed, with several companies apparently hoping the combination of underdosed individual ingredients would create something greater than the sum of its parts
Driving under the influence can have severe and long-lasting effects
P., Rautama, E.-L