GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide have demonstrated robust efficacy in obesity research, while dual GLP-1/GIP agonists like tirzepatide have pushed those results further
Saliva production is the enemy here
This study does not require ethical review or approval but must comply with relevant laws and regulations
A study in transgenic animals demonstrates that selectively restoring pancreatic GLP-1Rs in GLP-1R null mice normalizes glucose tolerance in these animals suggesting that GLP-1R expression in the pancreas is sufficient to maintain normal glucose metabolism (Lamont et al., 2012)

Abbreviations AA: Amino acid [Ca 2+ ] i : Cytoplasmic free Ca 2+ concentration DPP-4: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 EGFP: Enhanced green fluorescent protein GCGR: Glucagon receptor GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1R: GLP-1 receptor GPCR: G protein-coupled receptor GRA: Glucagon receptor antagonist IC 50 : Half-maximal inhibitory concentration NPY: Neuropeptide Y PKA: Protein kinase A PPPG: Preproglucagon promoter P/Q-type Ca 2+ channel: Voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel sensitive to -agatoxin PTX: Pertussis toxin TIRF (microscopy): Total internal reflection fluorescence (microscopy) VGCC: Voltage-gated calcium channel References Cryer PE (2015) Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in diabetes: maladaptive, adaptive, or both
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