While effective for diabetes management, patients should be aware of the potential gastrointestinal side effects and discuss these with their healthcare provider
In Atg5-deficient cells, erastin-induced ferroptosis is inhibited, and ferritin levels are significantly elevated, suggesting that Atg5 mediates ferritin autophagy
DOI: Published online: July 24, 2025 1 Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Correspondence to Seok-Woo Hong, PhD Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea Email: [email protected] Won-Young Lee, MD Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea Email: [email protected] *Jinmi Lee and Eun-Jung Rhee contributed equally to this work as co-first authors
Low grade inflammation common to maternal obesity may induce effects in humans more similar to the inflammation animal models, leading to a higher rate of maternal -fetal transfer and direct effects in the fetus
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