doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1652796 Received 24 June 2025 Accepted 25 September 2025 Published 15 October 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Ana Raquel Santiago, University of Coimbra, Portugal Reviewed by Mara Dominguez-Mozo, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clnico San Carlos (IdISSC), Spain Ramtin Naderian, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran Updates Copyright 2025 Ren, Niu, Wang, Guo, Hao, Gao, Liu and Wang
Interpretation Normal levels : Reflect balanced bone turnover Elevated levels : Suggest increased bone resorption Low levels : May indicate effective anti-resorptive therapy or low osteoclast activity Because bone turnover varies with age, sex, and menopausal status, results must be compared against reference ranges
Any interaction with GABAergic agents, benzodiazepines, or other sedatives is unstudied and theoretically could produce additive CNS depression
Because sermorelin (a GHRH analog) and ipamorelin (a ghrelin mimetic) act on different receptors, they are frequently examined in combination in the research literature, as are tesamorelin with ipamorelin and CJC-1295 with ipamorelin
For many individuals, weight loss has been a life-long battle often characterised by yo-yo weight gain
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