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Studies indicate that apolipoprotein E can cause cholesterol to migrate from the core of LNPs to the outer lipid layer, potentially altering the surface properties of LNPs
de Jong, K.L
Jlicher, The morphology of vesicles of higher topological genus: conformal degeneracy and conformal modes
Studies in animals have found that GLP-1 mediates 5 adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation by activating GLP-1R signaling, thereby regulating skeletal muscle remodeling and enhancing exercise tolerance, while glycogen synthesis, glucose uptake, type I muscle fiber proportion, and mitochondrial biosynthesis are enhanced in the skeletal muscles of GLP-1-AAV treated mice [19]
Further studies are needed to assess long-term bio-distribution, sustained joint retention, and broader mechanistic impact across joint tissues