It is important to emphasise that these proposals are based almost entirely on preclinical data principally in vitro (cell culture) experiments and animal studies and have not been reliably demonstrated in robust human clinical trials: Stimulation of follicle enlargement: Laboratory studies suggest GHK-Cu may increase hair follicle size, potentially counteracting the miniaturisation associated with androgenetic alopecia (pattern hair loss), though this has not been confirmed in humans
Despite these findings, the exact percentage of GHK-Cu absorbed orally and its bioactive form in humans remain unclear
Reduced L-glutathione (GSH) is the preferred form for oral supplementation
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03761.x Plant J
Given the importance of GRK levels to morphine-dependent regulation of receptors in model cell systems, it is conceivable that alterations in GRK2 expression or subcellular distribution following chronic opioid treatment could contribute to significant reprogramming of opioid regulatory responses
Ours is the first study to demonstrate CNS GSH augmentation using a noninvasive, self-administered therapy in humans