Abbreviations ALI: Acute lung injury ALT: Alanine aminotransferase AST: Aspartate aminotransferase BALF: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid BiMP NZs: Bimetallic manganese-platinum nanozymes CK: Creatine kinase COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CREA: Creatinine CS: Cigarette smoking CSE: Cigarette smoke extract DEGs: Differentially expressed genes DLS: Dynamic light scattering ESR: Electron spin resonance FEV 0.05s : Forced expiratory volume in 0.05 s FVC: Forced vital capacity GSH/GSSG: The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione HO: Hydrogen peroxide LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase LPS: Lipopolysaccharide MDA: Malondialdehyde MLI: Mean linear intercept MM-BiMP NZs: Macrophage membrane-biomimetic bimetallic Mn-Pt nanozymes Mn-Pt: Manganese-platinum NAC: N-acetylcysteine O: Singlet oxygen O: Superoxide anions OH: Hydroxyl radicals PCO: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide PO: Partial pressure of oxygen ROS: Reactive oxygen species TEM: Transmission electron microscopy T-SOD: Total superoxide dismutase XPS: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XRD: X-ray diffraction References de Oca MM, Perez-Padilla R, Celli B, Aaron SD, Wehrmeister FC, Amaral AFS, et al
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms262411774 #MultipleSclerosis #Neuroimmunology #Biomarkers #OCT #DisabilityProgression #ClinicalResearch #Neurology To view or add a comment, sign in Exploring extracellular vesicles as diagnostic tools in gutbrain axis disorders: in this concise review article, Patricia Maral da Costa, Reinaldo Barreto Ori at Federal University of Ceara and collaborators integrated microbial- and brain-derived extracellular vesicles within the framework of gutbrain axis disorders and proposed three translational diagnostic niches: microbial EVs as systemic indicators of dysbiosis and immune activation, brain-derived EVs as liquid biopsies of central nervous system pathology, and engineered or technologically captured EVs as platforms for point-of-care testing
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