Fentanyl: This is a synthetic opioid often used to manage pain post-surgery
They aren't a magic pill, but they are a powerful toolone that can change lives if used correctly
Gupta NA, Mells J, Dunham RM et al (2010) Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is present on human hepatocytes and has a direct role in decreasing hepatic steatosis in vitro by modulating elements of the insulin signaling pathway

Dietary modifications often provide the first line of symptom management: Eat smaller, more frequent meals rather than large portions, which can overwhelm the already-slowed digestive system Reduce intake of gas-producing foods such as beans, lentils, cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage), onions, and carbonated drinks Limit high-fat foods , as these delay gastric emptying further and may compound the medication's effects Consider a low-FODMAP approach under dietitian supervision if symptoms are persistent, as fermentable carbohydrates can contribute to bloating Stay well-hydrated with still water throughout the day to support digestive function Avoid eating close to bedtime , allowing at least 3 hours between the last meal and lying down Lifestyle adjustments can also prove beneficial: Regular physical activity , particularly gentle walking after meals, can stimulate gastrointestinal motility and help move gas through the digestive tract Stress management techniques such as mindfulness or breathing exercises, as stress can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms Maintaining a symptom diary to identify specific food triggers or patterns Medication-related strategies should be discussed with your prescribing healthcare professional: Slower dose titration may reduce the intensity of gastrointestinal side effects Pausing escalation or stepping back to a previously tolerated dose if symptoms are troublesome Timing of administration considerations (note that while most GLP-1 RAs are not meal-timed, exenatide immediate-release [Byetta] is taken before meals) Review of concurrent medications that may contribute to bloating, such as certain antibiotics, opioids, or iron supplements Over-the-counter remedies such as simeticone (an anti-foaming agent) or peppermint oil capsules may provide symptomatic relief for some individuals, though evidence for their effectiveness varies

Interestingly, in a study published in 2024, researchers examined the dynamic, wide-ranging molecular environment in the intact human ileum and found that when plant-based foods with intact cellular structures are consumed, they can increase the delivery of nutrients to the ileum, which subsequently can lead to an increased release of satiety peptides (in particular, PYY)
Patient-specific factors that may increase risk include recent dose escalation, higher doses, significant gastrointestinal symptoms, diabetes-related gastroparesis, and autonomic neuropathy