Bilirubin and glutathione have complementary antioxidant and cytoprotective roles
Topically, glutathione works on two levels: it neutralizes free radicals that trigger oxidative stress-induced pigmentation, and it shifts the skin's melanin production pathway from dark eumelanin toward lighter phaeomelanin
Endothelial Wnt/beta-catenin signaling reduces immune cell infiltration in multiple sclerosis
It is administered in a once-weekly subcutaneous injection
TB-500 : Side effects are typically mild and include injection site discomfort, mild lethargy or head rush shortly after administration (due to systemic effect), and, anecdotally, temporary redness or swelling near the injection site
Early-phase clinical trial data published in the New England Journal of Medicine (2023) demonstrated significant reductions in body weight and improvements in metabolic markers